Tittle : How Phase Theory can be used to improve reading comprehension in chlidren
Author : Monal Dewle
Published : 2th July 2018
Abstract : This journal gives summary about some development theories which focuses on how development of reading takes place in a child. The theory is Phase Theory. The theory was developed by Ehri in 1999.
Introduction : In introduction the journal explain what the reading and reading comprehension is. Then, in introduction author also explain about the what will discuss in the next chapter.
Literature review : in this chapter author divided the materi into some sub chapter here they are:
The development of theory : in this sub-chapter author explain the history of theory in reading there are three stage of history of theory in reading. First, theory by Gough and Hillinger (1980). Second, theory by Mason (1980) . Third, theory by Marsh, Welc and Desberg (1981) and the final theory by Firth (1985).
Ehri's Phase Theory : When all these developmental theories were proposed, the only problem being that all the stages in these theories do not cover systematic stages a child goes through when s/he learns a language. Ehri through her Phase theory tries to provide an overall view of how a child can learn to read word and, she challenges the conventional way of teaching word reading through rote learning where the child must memorize entire words with visual cues. However, in case of irregular words it does not work, and it leads to confusion among the child.
Implications :
The author explain the implication of Phase theory in children, such as :
This theory can be used as is important because it helps the teachers to help stu-
dents in reading instruction:
1. It is important for beginners to learn all the letters and to use this infor-
mation to relate to their own speech processes. This will include learning
graphemes such as ‘ch’, ‘sh’ and ‘th’.
2. Children need to develop awareness of phonemes and relate this to their
graphemic knowledge.
3. By the First Grade, teachers should help all children to achieve the full al-
phabetic phase. The major grapheme-phoneme connections, particularly
those involving vowels, need to be learned.
4. Children need practice at learning unfamiliar words both by breaking down
their graphemes to form sounds and using analogy. This will be easier for
students in the full alphabetic phase.
5. Learning to spell is an important part of reading development. The im-
portant initial phase is to be able to create appropriate graphemes from the
constituent sounds. Memorizing word lists should not be started until this is
mastered because this will make learning such lists easier.
6. Later work should expand to learning morphemes, affixes and families of
related words. (Ehri, 1998 cited in Beech, 2005).
There is the review about the second journal I've read, please give me some comment to make me better or suggest me another this I've to do in this blog. See you in the next post guyss thank you anyway💝🙏
